Info
🌱 來自: Huppert’s Notes
Chest x-ray (CXR)🚧 施工中
Chest x-ray (CXR)
• Types of CXR:
- PA and lateral CXR: Method: Radiation posterior → anterior; obtained with lateral images. Indications: Most common modality used for lung imaging.
- AP portable CXR: Method: Radiation anterior → posterior. Indications: Does not provide as much information as a PA CXR, but used for unstable or hospitalized patients since it is portable. Subject to issues with patient rotation. No lateral images and enlarges the cardiac silhouette.
- Lateral decubitus CXR: Method: Patient placed in the lateral decubitus position (on side) for CXR. Indications: Assessment of free-flowing vs. loculated pleural fluid. Increasingly replaced by point of care ultrasound (POCUS), especially for assessment of effusions.
• Approach to interpretation of CXR:
- Verify patient name and date
- Identify CXR type
- Evaluate quality:
• Rotation: Clavicular symmetry, trachea midline
• Inspiration: Count for 8.5–11 rib spaces above the diaphragm
• Penetration: If thoracic spine seen through heart, film is overexposed
- Read systematically:
• Airway (i.e., trachea)
• Bronchoalveolar markings (Figure 2.7)
FIGURE 2.7: Normal CXR and depiction of CXR findings. A) Normal CXR with anatomy labeled. B) Patterns on a CXR can be described as linear, reticular, nodular, or reticulonodular.
• Cardiac silhouette (and assessment of mediastinum)
• Diaphragm
• Extras/Everything Else (i.e., lung parenchyma, MSK, lines/tubes)