Clinical manifestations-Candida species

Mucocutaneous

• cutaneous (eg, red, macerated lesions in intertriginous zones: groin folds, axillae, and gluteal cleft);
• oral thrush (exudative, erythematous or atrophic; if unexplained, r/o HIV);
• esophageal (odynophagia; ± oral thrush);
• vulvovaginal
• balanitis 龜頭炎

Candiduria

• typically colonization due to broad-spectrum abx and/or indwelling catheter

Candidemia

• WARN: ⊕ blood cx are never a contaminant!
• NB: r/o :
  • retinal involvement (ophtho consult)
  • endocarditis w/ TTE ± TEE (esp. w/ prosthetic valve) as req ↑ Rx duration.
• May present w/ erythematous papules or pustules in immunosupp.

Candida in sputum

• usually not a clinically significant pathogen
• Hepatosplenic: typically, after prolonged neutropenia as cell counts are recovering