Epidemiology and risk factors-lung cancer

• Most common cause of cancer-related death for both men and women in the U.S.
• Two main types: non-small cell (NSCLC, ~85% of cases); small cell (SCLC, ~15%)
• 兩種主要類型：非小細胞（NSCLC，約85％的病例）；小單元（SCLC，〜15％）
• NSCLC comprised of adeno (40%), squamous cell (SCC, 20%), & large cell (5%) carcinomas, as well as other / not classified (20%)
• NSCLC由Adeno（40％），鱗狀細胞（SCC，20％）和大細胞（5％）癌組成，以及其他 /未分類（20％）
• Cigarette smoking: 85% of lung cancers occur in smokers; risk ∝ total pack-yrs, ↓ risk after quitting/reducing but not to baseline (Int J Cancer 2012;131:1210). SCC & SCLC almost exclusively in smokers, adeno most common type in nonsmokers.
• Asbestos: when combined with smoking, synergistic ↑ in risk of lung cancer
• Other: RT (for other cancer); HIV; environ. toxins (radon, 2nd-hand smoke); pulm. fibrosis

Explain by ChatGPT

• Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death for both men and women in the U.S.
• There are two main types of lung cancer: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). NSCLC makes up for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases while SCLC only makes up for around 15%.
• NSCLC is made up of adeno (40%), squamous cell (SCC, 20%), & large cell (5%) carcinomas, as well as other / not classified (20%).
• Cigarette smoking: 85% of lung cancers occur in smokers; risk ∝ total pack-yrs, ↓ risk after quitting/reducing but not to baseline (Int J Cancer 2012;131:1210). SCC & SCLC almost exclusively in smokers, adeno most common type in nonsmokers.
• Asbestos: when combined with smoking, synergistic ↑ in risk of lung cancer
• Other: RT (for other cancer); HIV; environ. toxins (radon, 2nd-hand smoke); pulm. fibrosis

窩的英文不太好

• 肺癌是美國男性和女性癌症相關死亡的最常見原因。
• 肺癌主要有兩種類型：非小細胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 和小細胞肺癌 (SCLC)。 NSCLC 約佔所有肺癌病例的 85%，而 SCLC 僅佔約 15%。
• NSCLC 由腺癌 (40%)、鱗狀細胞癌 (SCC，20%) 和大細胞癌 (5%) 以及其他/未分類 (20%) 組成。
• 吸煙：85%的肺癌發生在吸煙者身上；風險 ∝ 總包年數，↓ 戒菸/減少但未達到基線後的風險 (Int J Cancer 2012;131:1210)。 SCC 和 SCLC 幾乎只存在於吸煙者中，腺癌最常見於非吸煙者。
• 石棉：當與吸煙結合時，會協同 ↑ 增加患肺癌的風險
• 其他：RT（針對其他癌症）；艾滋病病毒;環境。毒素（氡、二手煙）；肺。纖維化