Intrinsic acute kidney injury etiology

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN)

• Pigmented granular muddy brown casts
• ± RBCs & protein from tubular damage
• FENa >2%, BUN/Cr <20 (except pigment, CIN)
• FEUN >50%

Acute interstitial nephritis

• WBCs, WBC casts, ± RBCs w/ neg UCx
• ⊕ urine eos in abx
• ⊕ lymphs in NSAIDs

Small-med vessel acute kidney injury

• ± RBCs
• ⊕ urine eos in chol emboli

glomerulonephritis

• dysmorphic red blood cell, RBC casts

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Explain by ChatGPT

• WBC casts
• ± proteinuria
• ± hematuria

• ATN is characterized by pigmented granular muddy brown casts, ± RBCs & protein from tubular damage, and FENa * FEUN
• Acute interstitial nephritis is characterized by WBCs, WBC casts, ± RBCs w/ neg UCx, ⊕ urine eos in abx, ⊕ lymphs in NSAIDs
• Small-med vessel acute kidney injury is characterized by ± RBCs, ⊕ urine eos in chol emboli
• Glomerulonephritis is characterized by Dysmorphic RBCs, RBC casts, WBC casts, ± proteinuria, ± hematuria

窩的英文不太好

• ATN 的特徵是有色素的顆粒狀渾濁棕色管型、± 紅細胞和來自管狀損傷的蛋白質，以及 FENa * FEUN
• 急性間質性腎炎的特徵是 WBC、WBC 管型、± RBC w/ neg UCx、⊕ abx 中的尿液 eos、⊕ 非甾體抗炎藥中的淋巴
• 小血管急性腎損傷的特徵是 ± 紅細胞，⊕ 膽栓塞中的尿液 eos
• 腎小球腎炎的特徵是紅細胞變形、紅細胞管型、白細胞管型、±蛋白尿、±血尿