Rate Control-atrial fibrillation

(if sx， goal HR ≤80; if asx & EF >40%. goal HR ≤110； Circ 2014:130e199)

Agent Acute (IV) Maint.(Po)

• non-DHP calcium channel blocker
• metoprolol
• digoxin (onset ≥30 min)
• amiodarone

Lancet 2016;388:818.

• IV βB, CCB & dig contraindic. if evidence (ie, pre-excitation or WCT) of WPW (qv).
• Many meds incl. amio, verapamil, quinidine, propafenone, macrolides & azole antifungals ↑ digoxin levels.

Figure: