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🌱 來自: Huppert’s Notes
Diarrhea in a Patient with HIV and a Low CD4 Count🚧 施工中
Diarrhea in a Patient with HIV and a Low CD4 Count
May be due to a common cause, but also consider the following broader differential diagnosis:
• Infectious etiologies:
- Bacterial: Campylobacter, Shigella, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Clostridium difficile
- Mycobacteria: MAC (diarrhea, fever; treatment: macrolide + ethambutol or rifabutin)
- Viral: CMV (CD4 <50 cells/μL; diarrhea, colitis, rarely perforation; treatment: PO valganciclovir)
- Fungal: Microsporidium, disseminated histoplasmosis
- Parasites: Giardia, Entamoeba histolytica, Strongyloides, Cryptosporidium
• Other:
- HIV enteropathy
- HIV-associated malignancy
- Pancreatic insufficiency
- Antiretroviral (ARV)-associated diarrhea
- Other non-infectious causes of diarrhea (other medications, IBD, etc.)