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Women’s Health - Infertility - Fast Facts | NEJM Resident 360

• Couples who are unable to conceive after 1 year of unprotected intercourse should undergo an evaluation for infertility.

  • If the female partner is younger than 35 years, evaluation is recommended after 1 year; if she is 35 years or older, evaluation is recommended after 6 months.

• Approximately 10% of couples have difficulty conceiving.

• Workup for infertility involves identifying the etiology (male factors, female factors, or both).

• Treatment options depend on the identified etiology, including:

  • ovulation induction with antiestrogen clomiphene citrate for women with ovulatory dysfunction

  • radiographic, endoscopic, or surgical procedures to alleviate tubal obstruction

  • medical or surgical ablation of endometriosis

  • artificial or intrauterine insemination

  • assisted reproduction

• Common etiologies and evaluation of infertility are summarized in the following table:

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