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gprc5d

GPRC5D, or G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member D

is a protein that has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). Here are the key points about GPRC5D:

Function

• GPRC5D is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, but its specific function has not been fully determined[1].
• It is a seven-pass transmembrane receptor protein with a short extracellular N-terminal domain[2].

Expression in Multiple Myeloma

• GPRC5D is highly expressed on malignant plasma cells in MM patients, while its normal tissue expression is limited primarily to the hair follicle[2][4][6].
• The strong and selective expression of GPRC5D in MM cells, similar to the expression pattern of B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), makes it a promising target for MM immunotherapy[3][4].

GPRC5D as a Target for MM Treatment

• Targeting GPRC5D with immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and bispecific antibodies has shown promising results in early clinical trials for relapsed or refractory MM[2][5][7].
• GPRC5D-targeted CAR T cells have demonstrated high overall response rates and complete response rates, with a low incidence of severe cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity[5].
• These therapies have also shown efficacy in patients who do not respond to or relapse after BCMA-targeted therapy[5].

In summary, GPRC5D is an attractive target for MM immunotherapy due to its selective expression on myeloma cells and the encouraging results from early clinical trials of GPRC5D-targeted CAR T cells and bispecific antibodies[2][4][5][7].

Citations: [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPRC5D [2] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41408-023-00966-9 [3] https://bpsbioscience.com/gprc5d-cho-cell-line-78337 [4] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7508042/ [5] https://jhoonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13045-023-01461-1 [6] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30918115/ [7] https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2209900 [8] https://www.esmo.org/oncology-news/gprc5d-is-an-active-immunotherapeutic-target-in-multiple-myeloma