Epidemiology-tuberculosis
(NEJM 2016;375:1081)
- Transmission via aerosols;
- untreated active dx requires airborne isolation in healthcare facilities and community isolation measures
- must involve local public health authorities
- Acquisition:
- residents/travel in TB-endemic area,
- IVDU, resident/worker in correctional facility or homeless shelter
- close contact w/ active TB
- Reactivation:
- risk is 5% in first 2 yr, 5–10% overall;
- ↑ if HIV ⊕,
- immunosupp.
- (anti-TNF, steroids),
- ESRD,
- DM,
- cancer,
- transplant,
- malnourished,
- smoker,
- substance use disorder