clinical manifestations-anemia
- Symptoms:
- ↓ O2 delivery → fatigue,
- exertional dyspnea,
- angina (if CAD)
- Signs:
- pallor (mucous membranes, palmar creases),
- tachycardia,
- orthostatic hypotension
- 白、心跳、姿態低血壓
- Other findings:
- jaundice (hemolysis),
- splenomegaly (thalassemia, neoplasm, chronic hemolysis),
- petechiae/purpura (bleeding disorder),
- glossitis (iron, folate, vitamin B12 defic.),
- koilonychia (iron defic.),
- neurologic abnormalities (B12 defic.)
其他症狀: 從頭到腳
- 眼:黃疸(溶血)
- 口:舌炎(鐵、葉酸、維生素 B12 缺乏)
- 腹:脾臟肥大(地中海貧血、腫瘤、慢性溶血)
- 手:匙狀爪(鐵缺乏)
- 腳:紅斑瘀斑(出血疾病)
- 神經學異常(B12 缺乏)