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Treatment of viral respiratory infections

  • Influenza (A & B):
    • Neuraminidase inhib. (eg, oseltamivir);
    • must start w/in 48 h of sx for low-risk; for critically ill or immunosupp.,
    • start ASAP even if >48 h. Peramivir IV if unable to tolerate PO.
    • Endonuclease inhib. (baloxavir),
      • superior to oseltamivir in ↓ sx & viral load on 1st day of Rx,
      • but resistance emerging;
      • no data in severe influenza (NEJM 2018; 379:913)
  • RSV:
    • can consider inhaled ribavirin in immunosupp,
    • but very expensive & rarely used