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🌱 來自: rheumatoid arthritis

clinical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis

• Usually insidious onset pain, swelling, & impaired function of joints
  • w/ prolonged morning stiffness for ≥6 wk
  • (typically PIPs, MCPs, wrists, knees, ankles, MTPs, cervical spine)
• Typically polyarticular (60% small joints, 30% large joints, 10% both),
  • may be monoarticular (knee, shoulder, wrist) early in course;
  • rheumatoid joints more susceptible to infection
• Joint deformities:
  • ulnar deviation,
  • swan neck (MCP flexion, PIP hyperextension, DIP flexion),
  • boutonnière 男士胸花 (PIP flexion, DIP hyperextension),
  • cock-up deformities (toes)
• C1-C2 instability
  • → myelopathy,
  • ∴✓ C-spine flex/ext films prior to elective intubation
• Constitutional symptoms: low-grade fever, weight loss, malaise
• 💥 extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis 󰒗