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🌱 來自: Raynaud phenomenon

Primary vs. Secondary Raynaud’s Phenomenon

Category	Primary (80-90%)	Secondary (10-20%)
Vessel wall	Functionally abnormal	Structurally abnormal
Epidemiology	20-40 y; ♀ > ♂ (5:1)	>35 y
Clinical	Mild, symmetrical episodic attacks.	Severe, asymmetrical attacks;
	No tissue injury, PVD, or systemic symptoms;	tissue ischemia & injury (e.g.,digital ulcers);
	spares thumb.	can be associated with systemic symptoms;
		may affect thumb or proximal limbs
Auto Ab	Negative CTD antibodies	Depends on etiology, CTD Ab often positive
Nailfold	Normal capillaroscopy	Dropout and enlarged or distorted loops

Primary (80-90%)

• Idiopathic; however, can be exacerbated by comorbid conditions, including HTN, athero, CAD, DM

Secondary (10-20%)

• 🤩: SSc, SLE, PM-DM, MCTD, Sjögren’s, RA
• Arterial disease (athero, Buerger’s), trauma
• Heme (cyro, Waldenström’s, APS)
• Drugs (ergopeptides, estrogens, cocaine)