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🌱 來自: rheumatoid arthritis

extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis

1. Ocular manifestations:
   • episcleritis,

• scleritis,
• uveitis,
• and dry eyes (keratoconjunctivitis sicca) 👀

2. Oral manifestations: dry mouth (xerostomia) and periodontitis 🦷

3. Lung manifestations: pleuritis, pleural effusion, interstitial fibrosis, pulmonary nodules, bronchiolitis obliterans, and organizing pneumonia 🫁

4. Cardiac manifestations: pericarditis, myocarditis, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, and mitral regurgitation ❤️

5. Renal manifestations: membranous nephropathy and secondary amyloidosis 🧡

6. Endocrine manifestations: hypoandrogenism

7. Skin manifestations: rheumatoid nodules, skin ulcers, purpura, and pyoderma gangrenosum 🩸

8. Neurological manifestations: carpal tunnel syndrome and cervical myelopathy or radiculopathy 🧠

9. Hematologic manifestations:

   • anemia of chronic inflammation,
   • Felty’s syndrome
   • neutropenia,
   • splenomegaly,
   • and large granular lymphocyte leukemia 💉

10. Vasculitis 🩸

11. Skeletal manifestations: osteoporosis 🦴