Clinical manifestations-pericarditis and pericardial effusion

NEJM 2014;371:2410; JACC 2020;75:76)

• Pericarditis: retrosternal CP, pleuritic, positional (often ↓ by sitting forward), → trapezius; may be absent in TB, neoplastic, XRT, or uremic; ± fever; ± s/s of systemic etiologies

• Effusion: present in 50–65% of Pts w/ pericarditis; ranges from asx to tamponade

• Definitions: acute (<4–6 wks), incessant (persistent sx >4–6 wks), recurrent (after a symptom-free interval of 4–6 wks), chronic (lasting >3 mos)

• 心包炎：胸骨後痛，胸膜炎，體位性（通常坐前傾比較緩解），痛到→斜方肌

• 在 TB、腫瘤、XRT 或尿毒症中可能不存在

• ± 發熱； ± s/s 系統性病因

• 積液：50-65% 的心包炎患者存在；範圍從 asx 到tamponade

• 定義：急性（<4-6 週）、持續性（持續 sx >4-6 週）、復發性（在 4-6 周無症狀間隔後）、慢性（持續 >3 個月）