Definitions-tuberculosis

• Primary:
  • new Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) in a naïve host;
  • symptomatic or asymptomatic;
  • 90% of infected normal hosts will never develop clinically evident disease
• Latent:
  • well-controlled infection without clinical or radiographic evidence of active disease;
  • can persist for years to decades
• Reactivated:
  • activation of latent;
  • more likely in the setting of immunosuppression.
• Milliary:
  • disseminated lympho-hematogenous spread due to primary or reactivated TB
• Multidrug-resistant (MDR):
  • WARN: resistant to isoniazid (INH) & rifampin.
  • Can occur as 1° infxn.
• Extensively drug-resistant (XDR):
  • resistant to
    • INH
    • rifampin (RIF)
    • fluoroquinolones (FQ)
  • and at least one of:
    • amikacin,
    • kanamycin,
    • capreomycin