Megaloblastic anemia

• Impaired DNA synthesis → cytoplasm matures faster than nucleus → ineffective erythropoiesis and macrocytosis; due to folate or B12 deficiency; also in MDS

• ✓ folate and vitamin B12; ↑ LDH & indirect bilirubin (due to ineffective erythropoiesis)

• Smear: neutrophil hypersegmentation, macro-ovalocytes, anisocytosis, poikilocytosis

  • 中性白血球過度分裂，
  • 巨型卵形紅血球，
  • 大小異常，
  • 形態異常化。