Growth hormone deficiency

↓ GH

  • ↑ chronic risk for osteoporosis, fatigue, decreased lean body mass
  • Dx with failure to ↑ GH w/ appropriate stimulus (eg, insulin tolerance test, glucagon stimulation, and macimorelin stimulation)
  • GH replacement in adults controversial (Annals 2003;35:419; NEJM 2019;380:2551)