Complications- cholecystitis

  • Gangrenous cholecystitis: necrosis w/ risk of empyema and perforation

  • Emphysematous cholecystitis: infection by gas-forming organisms (air in GB wall)

  • Perforation: ~10% of cases, due to delay in diagnosis; pericholecystic abscess forms

  • Post CCY: bile duct leak, BD injury or retained stones, cystic duct remnant, sphincter of Oddi dysfxn