Info
🌱 來自: Huppert’s Notes
Evaluation of a Peripheral Blood Smear
First, some terminology and then we’ll dive into each of these conditions separately below:
TABLE 7.1 • Terminology for Abnormal Cell Counts
Quantitative Platelet Disorders
Additional Details about the Platelet Destructive Processes
Qualitative Platelet Disorders
Peripheral Eosinophilia and Hypereosinophilia Syndromes
Mixed PlateletCoagulation Disorders
Other Malignant Hematologic Conditions
Chemotherapy, Targeted Therapy, and Immunotherapy
Chimeric-Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy
FIGURE 7.7: Agents that cause cancer and progression of normal cells to malignant cells.
• Pathophysiology: Genetic and environmental factors can cause normal cells to become malignant. Typically, a solid tumor grows locally first and then has the potential to spread to other organs (metastasize).
• Diagnosis is based on biopsy-proven diagnosis most of the time – “tissue is the issue”
- Exceptions: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and glioblastoma can be diagnosed without biopsy via imaging
• General rules of thumb:
- Biopsy distant metastasis. This provides the opportunity to diagnose the primary tumor type and confirm staging simultaneously.
- More tissue is better, especially in the era of molecular testing.
- Core biopsy is generally preferred over fine needle aspiration (FNA) (except FNA preferred for suspected head/neck carcinoma).
• Key resource: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN.org) has guidelines on initial workup and staging by suspected cancer site. Trainees can register for a free account.
General Approaches to Treating Cancer